Napoleon Letter: How GPT-6 Astra Cracked the 217-Year-Old Napoleon Cipher
A 24-row encrypted military briefing from March 1809 has become a revealing test of what frontier AI can do when a problem crosses vision, research, coding, history, and cryptanalysis. The Napoleon letter, sent to General Auguste de Marmont from Eugène de Beauharnais’s headquarters under Napoleon’s instructions, contains about 1,300 cipher units built from 155 distinct … Read more